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EVALUASI KINERJA HEAT EXCHANGER 11E-25 PADA PREHEATING SECTION CRUDE DISTILLING UNIT I DI PT PERTAMINA (Persero) REFINERY UNIT IV CILACAP
Indah Hana Pratiwi (2013) | Tugas Akhir | -
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Ringkasan
Heat exchanger yang digunakan oleh PT PERTAMINA (Persero) Refinery Unit IV Cilacap adalah jenis shell and tube. Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger 11E-25 merupakan heat exchanger yang bertugas memanaskan crude dengan media pemanas long residu. Masalah yang sering terjadi pada shell and tube heat exchanger yaitu adanya fouling sehingga dapat menurunkan kinerja heat exchanger. Penurunan kinerja heat exchanger dapat dilihat melalui parameter-parameter seperti duty, koefisien perpindahan panas (UA), dan Log Mean Temperature Difference (LMTD). Penentuan parameter heat exchanger tersebut melibatkan banyak perhitungan matematika dengan melakukan pendekatan analisis termal dari proses perpindahan panas yang berlangsung di dalam heat exchanger sendiri. Untuk mempermudah perhitungan matematika tersebut digunakan simulator proses yaitu Hysys dan Microsoft Excel. Metode simulator tersebut dapat menunjukkan ketebalan kerak (∆x) yang terbentuk pada heat exchanger 11E-25. Dari hasil analisis yang telah dilakukan, kurva duty mengalami penurunan sebesar 3,57 x 105 Btu/hr tiap hari. Koefisien perpindahan panas mengalami penurunan hingga mencapai nilai 1,114 x 104 Btu/hr.oF tiap hari. Kurva LMTD menunjukkan peningkatan karena telah mengalami fouling. Ketebalan kerak pada tube meningkat dengan laju penebalan sebesar 7 x 10-9 ft tiap hari. Kata Kunci : Heat Exchanger, Shell and Tube, Kinerja, Duty, Koefisien Perpindahan Panas, Log Mean Temperature Difference (LMTD), Ketebalan Kerak (Dr).
Ringkasan Alternatif
Heat exchangers used by PT Pertamina (Persero) Cilacap Refinery Unit IV are a kind of shell and tube. Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger 11E-25 is used to heat crude using long residual heating medium. The problem that often by occurs in the shell and tube heat exchanger is the fouling that can decrease the performance of heat exchanger. Performance degradation can be indicated through the heat exchanger parameters such as duty, heat transfer coefficient, and the Log Mean Temperature Difference (LMTD). Determination of parameters of the heat exchanger involves a lot of mathematical calculations to approach the thermal analysis of heat transfer processes that take place in the heat exchanger itself. To simplify the mathematical calculations, simulator called Hysys and Microsoft Excel were employed. Simulator method may indicate crustal thickness (Δx) that formed on the heat exchanger 11E-25. From the analysis that has been done, duty curve decreased by 3,57 x 105 Btu / hr each day. Heat transfer coefficient decreased to reach a value of 1,114 x 104 Btu / hr.oF every day. LMTD curve shows an increase due to fouling has been experienced. Crustal thickness on the tube increases with the thickness of 7 x 10-9 ft per day. Keywords : Heat Exchanger, Shell and Tube, Performance, Duty (Q), Heat Transfer Coefficient Overall (UA), Log Mean Temperature Difference (LMTD), Crustal Thickness (Dr).