Evaluasi kinerja unit pengolahan anaerobik di pengolahan air limbah tekstil PT Garuda Mas Semesta dilakukan untuk memantau kinerja pengolahan agar dapat meringankan beban pengolahan selanjutnya. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui efisiensi penyisihan Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD), serta Total Suspended Solids (TSS), pengaruh sirkulasi efluen terhadap kinerja pengolahan , pengaruh beban organik terhadap efisiensi penyisihan COD, produksi metana per kilogram COD terurai, kandungan metana dalam gas, dan jenis mikroorganisme pengurai. Penelitian dilakukan terhadap dua reaktor Upflow Anaerobik Sludge Blanket (UASB) yang dilengkapi dan tidak dilengkapi sirkulasi. Parameter proses dan operasi yang ditinjau meliputi pH, temperatur, COD di aliran influen, waktu tinggal hidraulik (HRT), beban organik, beban volatile suspended solids dan kecepatan aliran upflow. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa efisiensi penyisihan COD, BOD dan TSS pada reaktor tanpa sirkulasi berturut – turut sebesar 50,57% , 34,47 % , dan 41,07 %, sedangkan untuk reaktor dengan sirkulasi sebesar 52,47% , 38,54% , dan 42,43%. Semakin besar laju beban organik, maka semakin tinggi efisiensi penyisihan COD. Produksi metana untuk masing – masing reaktor ialah 0,00982 m3/kg COD terurai dan 0,00258 m3/kg COD terurai dengan kandungan 0,2 % volume dan 0,4 % volume. Jenis mikroorganisme yang dapat diamati secara visual yaitu Clostridium, Cilliata, Streptocaccae,cacing anaerobik, Methanobacillus dan Methanococcus. Dari hasil tersebut, diketahui reaktor yang dilengkapi dengan sirkulasi efluen menunjukkan kinerja lebih baik dan kinerja kedua reaktor masih berada di bawah kriteria desain, yang disebabkan oleh pH, beban organik serta HRT yang tidak sesuai. Kata kunci : pengolahan air limbah, pengolahan anaerobik, limbah tekstil, UASB.

Performance evaluation of anaerobic treatment unit in textile wastewater treatment PT Garuda Mas Semesta had done to monitor the degradation performance in order to reduce load of subsequent processing units. The research aims to determine the removal efficiency of Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) and Total Suspended Solids (TSS), the influence of effluent circulation, the influence of organic load on COD removal efficiency, methane production per kilogram of reduced COD, methane content in gas, and identification of decomposer microorganisms in the reactors. Research was conducted on two Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket (UASB) reactors one of which is completed with circulation. Process and operating parameters reviewed were pH, temperature, COD in influent, hydraulic residence time (HRT) , organic load, volatile suspended solids load and upflow velocity. Results showed that the removal efficiency of COD, BOD and TSS in the reactor without circulation were 50.57%, 34.47%, and 41.07% respectively, whereas for the reactor with circulation were 52.47%, 38.54% , and 42.43%. The greater the organic loading rate, the higher the COD removal efficiency. Methane production for each reactors were 0.00982 m3/kg reduced COD and 0.00258 m3/kg reduced COD, gas contents of 0.2% methane by volume and 0.4% methane by volume. Types of microorganisms could be observed visually were Clostridium, Cilliata, Streptocaccae, anaerobic worms, Methanobacillus and Methanococcus. From these results, it is known that reactor complited with effluent circulation showed better performance and the performance of both reactors were still below the design criteria, which were caused by inappropriate pH, organic load and HRT value. Keywords: waste water treatment, anaerobic treatment, textile waste, UASB.

http://digilib.polban.ac.id/gdl.php?mod=browse&op=read&id=jbptppolban-gdl-irapermata-6047